Four Major Types of Special Needs Disabilities
According to the National Center for Education Statistics, a study conducted in 2015 found that over 6.6 million children have some type of special needs. While every child is different, the following are four major types of special needs children.
Physical
I.e., Muscular Dystrophy, Epilepsy, Cerebral Palsy
A physical special needs disability is any condition that prevents normal body movement and control. While there are many different types of physical disabilities, muscular dystrophy and cerebral palsy are common. A child with muscular dystrophy will have weakened muscle fibers while a child with cerebral palsy will have brain damage. There are many causes of physical disabilities and include genetics, serious illness, spinal cord injury and brain damage.
Developmental
Autism, Down Syndrome, Fragile X Syndrome
Developmental disabilities are generally detected early on because mental or physical impairments cause these disabilities. Common developmental disabilities are down syndrome and fragile x syndrome. Those who have down syndrome are born with an extra copy of chromosome 21, which affects brain and body development. Fragile X is another developmental disability that is thought to cause autism in boys.
Behavioral or Emotional
ADD, Bipolarized, Oppositional Defiant Disorder
A behavioral or emotional disability has many possible characteristics. Many include an inability to build or maintain interpersonal relationships, an inability to learn, and feelings of depression or anxiety. ADD is one common behavioral disability, which includes symptoms of inattentiveness, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Bipolar disorder is a common emotional disability, which includes symptoms of depression, irritability, and distractibility.
Sensory Impaired
Deaf or Limited Hearing, Blind or Visually Impaired
Sensory impairment disabilities are when one of the senses (sight, hearing, smell, touch, taste, spatial awareness) is not at the average functioning level. Common disabilities include limited hearing or visual impairment. While injury and infection can cause sensory impairment, genetics can also play a role.
Many children (and adults) have some type of special needs disability. The four major types of disabilities include physical, developmental, behavioral or emotional, and sensory impaired disorders. While many disabilities fall under one of these four umbrellas, many can fall under two or more.
Lisa Landman has a passion for helping others and has worked with special need adults throughout her career. Learn more about her professional work or check out her Twitter!
6 National Special Needs Organizations
Across the world, many special needs organizations are dedicated to helping those with medical, mental and psychological disabilities. While many of these are local organizations that work individually in their community, there are also many national organizations that can help assist those with special needs and their families. Many of the following groups provide support, education, advice, and advocacy for special needs and offer helpful resources.
Parent to Parent USA (P2P USA)
This organization partners a parent with another who has a child with the same disability, allowing families to share information and provide emotional support. P2P USA is a great way to not only build support but also build relationships that can last a lifetime.
The M.O.R.G.A.N. Project
M.O.R.G.A.N. stands for Making Opportunities Reality Granting Assistance Nationwide. The project aids families who raise children with special needs. The M.O.R.G.A.N. Project also provides help with expenses for families who need to travel for medical treatment or purchase equipment that are not covered by insurance.
Family Voices
Providing tools to make important decisions, Family Voices aims to provide information and support for special needs families. Family Voices specializes in healthcare and education decisions that families need to make. The organization also helps families learn how to advocate for better policies and empower those with disabilities.
Disabled Sports USA
Founded by injured Vietnam War family veterans, Disabled Sports USA is an organization dedicated to playing sports and having fun. The organization is open to anyone who has a permanent disability and wants to play games but is unable to in a standard setting. Disabled Sports USA is an excellent resource for special needs children and youth who want to get involved and be a part of a team.
Special Olympics
One of the well-known special needs organization is Special Olympics, the world’s largest sports program for those with disabilities. This organization is similar to Disabled Sports USA because they also aim to help those with special needs to have fun, build courage, and improve both teamwork and communication. Check out this previous blog on how to get involved with Special Olympics.
Council for Exceptional Children
This organization is dedicated to improving special needs education. The Council of Exceptional Children advocates for proper governmental policies, provides professional development seminars and sets standards for those in the education history. This allows the group to improve those working with special needs children and thus enhances their educational support and development.
These are just five of the many organizations that aid in support for specials. To learn more, check out their individual websites.
Lisa Landman has a passion for helping others and has worked with special need adults throughout her career. Learn more about her professional workor check out her Twitter!
Gift Guide for Special Need Children
Buying gifts for anyone can be a challenge, but it can be even more difficult if you are buying for special needs child. This guide offers ideas on what you can buy for your special needs family!
Arts and Crafts
Gifts that involved arts and crafts are always great ideas for children with special needs. Especially for children with ADD or ADHD, arts and crafts are excellent “fidget” gifts that keep them busy while engaging their brain. Playdough, chalk paint, silly putty, and easy-to-hold crayons are all perfect to help child engagement.
Personalized Gifts
Everyone loves customized presents, especially children with special needs. Personalizing a jersey, specializing a painting or creating a photo book are all great presents that children will enjoy. Personalized presents will make special needs children feel loved and provide a gift that will last forever.
Interactive
Gifts that are interactive can both be fun and beneficial. For children with sensory processing disorders, interactive toys can help children calm down and focus their attention. Light up toys, sand tables, finger paint and mini trampolines all are options.
Technology
Technology is continuously advancing, and there are excellent tech gifts that will help your special needs child be engaged. However, before buying a technology present, be sure to consider if your child can easily use the gadget. Gifts that are hard to use may cause frustration, which is the opposite of what you want. A remote control car or airplane are two gift ideas that may engage your child with ease.
Experiences
What’s a better gift than getting out of the house and having some fun? Special needs children love being able to explore and try new things. Presents that allow your child and family to experience new things will not only let them try new things, but it will also strengthen your family bond. Movie tickets, going to a museum, aquarium or zoo are all fantastic ideas.
Other Ideas
Other holiday gift ideas include a gardening kit, grip ball or a bowling set. A gardening kit is an excellent gift because it allows your child to gain responsibility for growing plants. A bowling set or grip ball are other great presents because they can provoke competition while enhancing motor skills.
Selecting a toy for a special needs child can be overwhelming. However this guide is made to help! Each child is different, so be sure to keep your child in mind when picking their holiday presents.
Lisa Landman has a passion for helping others and has worked with special need adults throughout her career. Learn more about her professional work or check out her Twitter!
About Lisa Landman
Lisa Landman earned her doctorate in psychology from Fordham University in 2005. One of the reasons why Lisa pursued psychology is due to her interest in helping others. Throughout her life, Lisa has spent time helping the most vulnerable populations of society which includes animals. She and her husband have rescued six different dogs over the years, and Lisa volunteers with the Special Olympics. Lisa particularly cares about adults with disabilities since they’re a population that tends to face increased vulnerability as they age.
Previously in her career, Lisa Landman worked as a Residential Coordinator at Bishop Grady Villas which describes itself as a “place where adults with disabilities are able to thrive and achieve their dreams” (Bishop Grady Villas Homepage). The best part of working at Bishop Grady was getting to know the residents. Lisa found each resident to be an amazing person with a huge heart, a caring attitude, and a wonderful personality. She particularly admired the residents’ attitudes toward life. Even with their daily struggles, they approached each day with optimism.
The most difficult aspect of working at Bishop Grady Villas was the lack of funding. A large amount of the residents are on the waitlist to receive benefits from the government which Lisa Landman finds unacceptable. If the residents can’t get government assistance, then their families must pay for them to live there. Sadly, there are many adults like the residents of Bishop Grady Villas who don’t have families to help them receive the sort of attention and care they need. This unfortunate reality is one of the reasons why Lisa is motivated to assist adults with disabilities as much as possible.
Lisa Landman served as an assistant basketball coach in early 2017. Helping the Bishop Grady residents during their weekly practices was a lot of fun. Seeing how much fun the residents have during games never failed to make Lisa smile. Lisa plans to assist with more Special Olympics events in the future. Since the Special Olympics is a nationwide organization, anyone can get involved. Helping adults with disabilities is a great way to spend one’s time, and Lisa encourages everyone she knows to get involved in some manner.
Professional Overview
Over the years Lisa Landman has worked in a variety of areas such as human resources and teaching. For eleven years she owned a fitness center where she was involved in nearly every aspect of the business. Presently, she’s working with Costech Lab as the Director of Operations. Lisa’s diverse work experience means that she can thrive in nearly any work situation. She looks forward to continuing to pursue entrepreneurial projects while helping others at the same time.